การประยุกต์ใช้แนวคิดแบบลีนในการปรับปรุงกระบวนการจัดการเอกสารนำเข้า: กรณีศึกษา บริษัท ลีดส์ มาริไทม์ (ประเทศไทย) จำกัด

Abstract

This research aims to: 1) to study and develop import document management processes to achieve greater efficiency by improving and eliminating unnecessary steps, as well as reducing operational time, and 2) to enhance the company's operational efficiency through the application of lean principles and process improvement tools to increase customer satisfaction and strengthen competitive capabilities. This research employed lean methodology in conjunction with process analysis tools, including Fishbone Diagram, Flow Process Chart, Swimlane Diagram, and ECRS principles (Eliminate, Combine, Rearrange, Simplify) for process analysis and improvement. The research findings revealed that: 1) Concerning procedural step optimization, the pre-improvement framework comprised 46 total procedural steps, which was systematically reduced to 29 steps post-improvement, representing a substantial 36.96% reduction. The document retrieval process exhibited the most significant optimization, decreasing from 7 steps to 2 steps (constituting a 71.43% reduction), followed by the purchase order processing and document verification process, which was streamlined from 20 steps to 12 steps (representing a 40.00% reduction). The document preparation and customs submission process was reduced from 12 steps to 9 steps (indicating a 25.00% reduction), and the cargo clearance and document archival process decreased from 7 steps to 6 steps (reflecting a 14.29% reduction). 2) Regarding operational time efficiency, the pre-improvement total operational time was 6,788.89 minutes, which was subsequently reduced to 6,466.87 minutes post-improvement, indicating a 4.74% decrease or an absolute time reduction of 322.02 minutes. The most substantial improvement was observed in the document retrieval process, which exhibited a reduction from 33.01 minutes to 12.41 minutes (representing a 62.41% decrease), followed by the cargo clearance and document archival process, which demonstrated a reduction from 40.02 minutes to 37.48 minutes (constituting a 6.35% decrease). The document preparation and customs submission process, which constituted the most time-intensive component, was reduced from 4,655.68 minutes to 4,438.17 minutes (reflecting a 4.67% decrease), while the purchase order processing and document verification process decreased from 2,060.18 minutes to 1,978.81 minutes (indicating a 3.95% reduction). These process improvements resulted in the elimination of operational redundancies, reduction of communication-related errors, and enhancement of document tracking and monitoring capabilities.