การพัฒนาและประเมินประสิทธิภาพระบบเฝ้าระวังและแจ้งเตือนดัชนีความร้อนแบบเรียลไทม์ด้วยเทคโนโลยีอินเทอร์เน็ตของสรรพสิ่งสำหรับการฝึกทหาร

Abstract

This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach to develop and evaluate a real-time heat index monitoring and alert system for military training using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The objectives were to identify system requirements, develop the monitoring system, and evaluate its performance and user satisfaction. The participants consisted of 30 military training instructors and related personnel selected through purposive sampling. The system integrated an ESP32 microcontroller, an SHT31 temperature and humidity sensor, a Firebase cloud database, a web-based dashboard, and LINE Official Account notifications. Data were collected through system testing and user evaluations and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the system could monitor environmental conditions, calculate the heat index, assess risk levels, and provide real-time alerts effectively. The system achieved 100% accuracy in heat index computation and risk classification, with a 100% data transmission success rate. The average notification latency was 2.49 seconds. User satisfaction was rated at the highest level (x̄ = 4.75, S.D. = 0.43). These findings indicate that the proposed system is an effective tool for heat-risk surveillance and can enhance safety management during military training activities.